Onychogryphosis (thickened nail) is analteration in the growth of the nail plate, or rather a nail hypertrophy that is manifested by obvious deformation of the nail plate. Causes of onychogryphosis can be:

• Blood stasis;
• fungal infections;
• Repeated trauma caused by shoes that are too tight or injury as a result of violent bumps on the nail;
• systemic circulatory diseases that inhibit necessary nutrient support at the peripheral level.

Excessive lamina thickness can result in sub-ungual callosity (i.e., below the nail), causing pain. Podiatric treatment consists ofabrasion of the excess nail layer.